MD · Health & Medical

Health & Medical in Maryland

By CanISueForThis Editorial Team Reviewed by Editorial Team Updated March 21, 2026

Key Maryland Law

Maryland Courts and Judicial Proceedings Article, Section 5-109

Maryland requires medical malpractice claims to be filed within five years of the injury or three years from when the patient knew or should have known of the injury, whichever is earlier, under Md. Code, Cts. & Jud. Proc. § 5-109.

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Procedural Details in Maryland

Maryland requires all medical malpractice claims to be filed with the Health Care Alternative Dispute Resolution Office (HCADRO) before a civil court complaint is filed under Md. Code, Cts. & Jud. Proc. § 3-2A-04. This mandatory ADR step may be waived by both parties, but the filing with HCADRO starts the process. Maryland caps non-economic damages in medical malpractice at $890,000 in 2024 (increasing annually by $15,000 through 2028). Economic damages are uncapped. Maryland applies modified comparative fault (50% bar). The Maryland Board of Physicians investigates complaints.

Maryland Agencies & Resources

Maryland Board of Physicians

Licenses and disciplines physicians in Maryland; investigates complaints about physician conduct and patient safety.

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Maryland Health Care Alternative Dispute Resolution Office

Administers the mandatory pre-litigation ADR process for medical malpractice claims in Maryland.

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Maryland Insurance Administration

Regulates health insurance and handles consumer complaints in Maryland.

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Frequently Asked Questions

What is the statute of limitations for medical malpractice in Maryland?

Maryland Code § 5-109 provides a five-year period from injury or three years from discovery, whichever is shorter. Before filing a court complaint, claims must first be filed with the Health Care Alternative Dispute Resolution Office (HCADRO) under § 3-2A-04.

What is the HCADRO process in Maryland malpractice cases?

The Maryland Health Care Alternative Dispute Resolution Office (HCADRO) administers a mandatory pre-filing step for malpractice claims. Plaintiffs must file their claim with HCADRO before filing in civil court. Both parties may waive the HCADRO process in writing, which allows the case to proceed directly to court.

What is Maryland's non-economic damage cap in malpractice cases?

Maryland caps non-economic damages (pain, suffering, mental anguish) in medical malpractice at approximately $890,000 in 2024, increasing by $15,000 annually until 2028. Economic damages — medical bills, lost wages — are not subject to this cap and may be recovered in full.

How do I file a complaint against a doctor in Maryland?

Complaints against physicians may be filed with the Maryland Board of Physicians online or by mail at mbp.state.md.us. The Board investigates and may reprimand, suspend, or revoke a physician's license. Board proceedings are separate from the HCADRO process and civil litigation.

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By CanISueForThis Editorial Team Reviewed by Editorial Team Updated March 21, 2026